Dr  Engineer* in signal processing, Ruhr-Universität, Information Theory Institute, 1988, Bochum, Germany, electrical and computer engineering. State Doctoral thesis: (under the supervision of Professor J. Böhme and A. Fettweiss, both Fellow IEEE), Ruhr-Universität Bochum, Germany. Title: "Modeling and Parametric Estimation in Infrared Interferometric Spectrometry", published by VDI Verlag, Düsseldorf, Germany, 1989. École internationale de physique théorique des Houches , France OTAN XLV Signal Theory, 1985. M. Sc. in Instrumentation and Data processing, Université Laval, Electrical and computer engineering, 1984. Master thesis: (under the supervision of Professeur J. Vanier, Fellow IEEE), Université Laval, Québec. Title: "Développement d’un système d’acquisition de données pour la caractérisation à long terme de 2 masers à hydrogène", published by Université Laval Press, 1984. B. Sc. in Electrical engineeing, UBC (Vancouver 78-79) and Université Laval, 1980 College diploma in natural and applied sciences, Limoilou College, Québec, 1974-1976. * State doctoral thesis, old european style (5 years typically, more substantial than modern north- american form of PhDs)

Receiving my master diploma at Université Laval in 1984 from the former rector Mr Jean-Guy Paquet, who became my boss at INO years later.

The same day, showing my new MSc diploma to my grandmother Paquet  at Université Laval in 1984.